Overview: In the AR/VR industry, the predominant model is in-house design combined with EMS production. This approach accounted for nearly 100% of global VR/MR shipments and around 66% of global AR smart glasses shipments in 2024. In the smart glasses sector, the JDM model is the primary form of collaboration between OEMs and manufacturing partners, influenced by the cooperation model between Meta and Luxottica.
Mainland China remains the manufacturing powerhouse for XR and smart glasses, contributing to over 90% of global production in 2024. Goertek leads global XR device manufacturing, while Luxottica dominates smart glasses manufacturing. The escalating US-China trade tensions, reignited by the Trump administration in April 2025, have further complicated the landscape. In response to rising geopolitical risks, major manufacturers such as Goertek and Luxottica have begun relocating portions of their production capacities to Vietnam.